Guarana, or Paullinia cupana, is a woody climbing vine native to the Amazon Basin, known for its caffeine-rich seeds, which are used as a powerful stimulant.
Plant Description
Guarana is an evergreen plant in the Sapindaceae family.
Appearance: It is a climbing vine that can reach 10-12 meters in length. It has large leaves with five oblong-oval leaflets and clusters of small flowers.
Fruit: The plant produces grape-sized fruits that range in color from orange to bright red. When ripe, the fruit splits open, revealing one or two black seeds partially covered by a white, fleshy coat (aril), creating a distinctive eye-like appearance. Habitat: Grows wild and is cultivated primarily in Brazil and Venezuela, in the humid tropical climate of the Amazon.
Uses and Properties
Guarana's primary value lies in its seeds, which contain one of the highest concentrations of caffeine of any plant—approximately two to four times more than coffee beans.
Stimulating Effect: Due to its high caffeine content (sometimes called guaranine), guarana is a powerful physical and mental stimulant. It helps combat fatigue and improves concentration and endurance.
Use: Historically, the Guarani Indians used the seeds to prepare a drink to maintain energy during long treks or hunting. Today, guarana seed extract is widely used in the production of tonic and energy drinks, dietary supplements, and weight loss products.
Other Properties: In addition to caffeine, guarana seeds contain antioxidants such as tannins, catechins, and epicatechins. It is also credited with antibacterial properties and the ability to support heart health and digestion.
Chemical composition
According to ifoch.by, guarana contains:
Guaranin (caffeine)
Theophylline and theobromine (other xanthine alkaloids)
Tannins (tannins)
Resins
Vitamin B1, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium
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