The Chilean pine (Araucaria araucana) is a relict evergreen coniferous tree in the Araucariaceae family, native to Chile and Argentina, known as a "living fossil." It reaches 60 m in height, has stiff, needle-like foliage, and large edible seeds. It is used in ornamental gardening and requires a warm climate.
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| The Chilean pine (Araucaria araucana) is a relict evergreen coniferous tree in the Araucariaceae family, native to Chile and Argentina. |
Key characteristics and features:
Appearance: A very large tree, lower branches may lie on the ground; the crown becomes umbrella-shaped with age.
Needles: Dark green, very stiff, glossy, triangular, densely covering the branches, lifespan 10–15 years.
Cones: Female cones are spherical, up to 18–20 cm in diameter, and weigh up to 1.5 kg.
"Monkey Puzzle": The name refers to the unusual branches covered with sharp needles, making them difficult to climb.
Hardiness: Withstands temperatures down to -15–-20°C (in some cases down to -30°C), and is used in parks in Crimea and the Caucasus.
Uses: The valuable wood is used in construction, and the seeds are edible. It is included in the list of protected species (the plant symbol of Chile).
The tree grows slowly, loves the light, and prefers well-drained, slightly acidic soils.
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